This study delves into the complex dynamics of waiting for resettlement faced by refugees in Kenyan refugee camps, specifically focusing on the strategies individuals and communities develop as they navigate uncertain futures. By examining the psychological, social, and economic dimensions of waiting, the publication sheds light on the resilience and adaptability of refugees in the face of prolonged displacement and uncertainty of resettlement.

Abstract

For many refugees, going home is not possible because of continued instability and local integration is unavailable due to host country policies, so resettlement becomes the only possible “durable solution” to displacement. In Kenya, despite long-standing resettlement programmes, there remain over 588,000 refugees and asylum seekers living in the country. While most studies of resettlement focus on those who resettle, this paper sheds light on the perspectives of those who are still waiting in Kenyan camps for resettlement: those who have “not yet” and perhaps will “never” be resettled. Through focus groups and interviews with 75 refugees in the Dadaab refugee camps, Kakuma Refugee Camp, and Kalobeyei settlement, we find that camp residents experience waiting for resettlement individually and communally. Individually, camp residents assess options, place life plans on hold, and face the mental health consequences of prolonged uncertainty. Communally, camp residents interpret policy changes, share information, and exchange remittances.

This research was co-produced with equal participation of researchers with lived experiences of displacement, currently residing in Kakuma and Dadaab, Kenya. This work is essential for scholars, policymakers, and practitioners working in refugee studies, migration, and humanitarian aid.

We hope this research sparks meaningful conversations and contributes to advancing our understanding of displacement, waiting for resettlement, and resilience in refugee communities.

Related Publications

Policy Brief: Waiting for Resettlement Increasing Transparency in the Resettlement Process in Kenya

On 3 October 2019, the Local Engagement Refugee Research Network (LERRN) organized a panel discussion with partners from research, policy and practice to discuss how partnered research could engage with Canada’s role in the global refugee regime. The panel was part of the two-day conference “Informing Migration Policy Through International Experience and Evidence”, organized by ĐÓ°ÉÔ­´´ University’s Migration Policy Research Group (MPRG). The panel was chaired by James Milner, LERRN Project Director, and featured the perspectives of Jessie Thomson from CARE Canada, Chris Gregory from IRCC, Christina Clark-Kazak from University of Ottawa, and Nathan Benson from the Refugee Hub.

The October 9th panel discussion with partners from research, policy and practice.

The panel examined the role of academic research on Canada’s engagement with the global refugee regime and its contribution to policy and practice at the global level and in the global South. Historically, Canadians have been leaders in refugee research, such as through the Refugee Research Network (RRN) IRCC’s own research efforts, SSHRC-funded research on Syrian refugees in Canada, and engagement by the Refugee Hub and others with the global compacts on refugees and migration. Building on these experiences, panelists agreed that academic research is valuable for informing policy and practice, and that there is a moral obligation to contribute to policy in the context of forced migration

But there are also barriers to bringing academic research into policy discussions. First, the panel highlighted the importance of knowledge translation, suggesting that academic research has the potential to shape policy and practice, but only when it is presented in a usable form for policymakers and practitioners. The traditional academic article is not very accessible given academic jargon and length, so researchers need to invest in knowledge translation and consider alternative formats such as policy briefs. However, knowledge translation is a distinct skillset and academics are not typically trained in this area. In addition, policy engagement is not rewarded within academia the same way as traditional academic work. While researchers in the Global South hold important knowledge, it does not often travel into international conversations, something that LERRN is trying to address. The slow pace of academic research is also a challenge given rapidly changing policy environments, which makes it difficult to influence policy in real-time.

In doing research, academics need to recognize the constraints of both NGO partners and the government. For NGOs, operational realities – including limited funding, staff turnover and workload – make it difficult to commit time to a long-term partnership and to build the necessary foundation of trust. It was suggested that coordination between researchers could help lessen the burden on NGOs and avoid duplication. For example, it is onerous for a settlement agency to speak to twenty researchers separately, but speaking to one researcher or a group of researchers is feasible. For the government, operational realities also impact policy and practice, so researchers should be cautious about making assumptions without a good understanding of the context.

Finally, the panel suggested some approaches and ideas for future research. New projects and partnerships should aim to institutionalize refugee participation in all aspects of the research, or in the words of the Network for Refugee Voices “nothing about us without us.” Comparative approaches, case studies, and cohort-based studies all offer useful insights about the impacts of different policies. Research within Canada has concentrated on resettled refugees, so the panel suggested expanding research on asylum seekers in Canada. Future projects could also break down the siloes between research focused within Canada and research focused overseas, such as by examining the impact of pre-arrival experiences on in-Canada integration.

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